Research progress on the relation and related mechanism of night shift work and cardiovascular disease / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Cardiovascular disease is a class of diseases involving the heart or blood vessels, which accounts for about one-third of all deaths worldwide each year. Unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity, smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are all risk factors for cardiovascular disease. With the increasing number of night shift workers, the number of patients with cardiovascular disease has increased, and night shift work has gradually become a risk factor of cardiovascular disease. At present, the mechanism of cardiovascular disease caused by night shift work is still unclear. This review summarizes the relationship between night shift work and cardiovascular disease and its related biochemical indicators, and discusses the research on related mechanisms.

Sleep analysis in emergency nurses' department

SUMMARY Shift work increases the risk of suffering physiological and psychological alterations, due to the sleep disorders that it usually produces in the staff with this type of workday. OBJECTIVE: Analyze the influence of shift work on sleep quality in the nursing staff of the emergency department of the University Hospital of Leon. METHODS: A total of 70 emergency department nurses aged between 24-56 years were divided into two groups (rotating shift and fixed morning or afternoon shift). The Pittsburgh sleep quality index was used for this purpose. In order to establish differences between the two groups, a bivariate analysis was performed using the χ² test. RESULTS: The results showed that both groups had "rather poor" subjective sleep quality, with scores of 8.5 for fixed shift versus. 6.3 for a rotating shift. The group of nurses' rotating shifts slept an average of 5.39 hours compared to 7.47 hours for a fixed shift. Significant differences were found in sleep latency, sleep disturbances, and the use of sleep medication, with more negative results for the rotating shift. CONCLUSIONS: Rotating shift produces a poor quality of sleep compared to a fixed morning or afternoon shift, and it would be interesting for the center itself to establish sleep improvement and sleep hygiene programs.

Efeitos do Trabalho em Turnos e Coping em Profissionais de Enfermagem Hospitalar / Effects of Shift Work and Coping in Hospital Nursing Professionals

Introdução: Respostas de coping podem influenciar na adaptação dos profissionais ao trabalho em turnos, contribuindo para manutenção da saúde e qualidade de vida. Assim, objetivou-se verificar a associação entre coping e efeitos do trabalho em turnos sobre a saúde dos profissionais de enfermagem. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado com 124 profissionais de enfermagem em um hospital universitário, no período de agosto a novembro de 2014. Utilizou-se o questionário Coping com o Trabalho por Turnos, instrumentos para avaliação de efeitos do trabalho em turnos na saúde e avaliação da qualidade de vida. Dados analisados estatisticamente, considerando-se significância de 0,05. Resultados: Observou-se associação inversa entre efeitos do trabalho em turnos e escore total do coping (p=0,003). Domínios do coping apresentaram correlações diretas com domínios de qualidade de vida (p<0,05). Das participantes, 46 (37%) profissionais apresentavam efeitos do trabalho em turnos na saúde. Discussão: O uso do coping contribui com menor ocorrência dos efeitos negativos do trabalho em turnos sobre a saúde, dentre estes, funções cognitivas, sono, hábitos alimentares e gástricos, e estresse. Ainda, podendo cooperar para manutenção do bem estar psíquico e físico, adaptação laboral, e melhor qualidade de vida. Conclusões: O conhecimento da relação entre coping e efeitos do trabalho em turnos na saúde pode auxiliar na identificação de meios para promover melhores condições de trabalho, preservando o bem-estar físico e psíquico, e a saúde do profissional de enfermagem.

Introduction: Coping responses can influence the adaptation of health care professionals to shift work, contributing to the maintenance of health and quality of life. Thus, this study aimed to verify the association between coping and the effects of shift work on the health of nursing professionals. Materials and Methods: This was Cross-sectional study, conducted with 124 nursing professionals in a university hospital between August and November 2014. The Shift Work Coping Strategies questionnaire was used as an instrument for assessing the effects of shift work on the health and quality of life of participants. Data were statistically analyzed, considering a significance level of 0,05. Results: An inverse association was observed between the effects of shift work and the total coping score (p = 0,003). Coping domains showed direct correlations with quality-of-life domains (p <0,05). Among participants, 46 (37%) professionals reported having effects of shift work on their health. Discussion: The use of coping contributes to a lower occurrence of the negative effects of shift work on health, among these, cognitive functions, sleep, eating and gastric habits, and stress. Also, being able to cooperate to maintain psychic and physical well-being, work adaptation, and better quality of life. Conclusions: By understanding the relationship between coping strategies and the effects of shift work on health, several means can be identified to promote better working conditions and maintain the physical and psychological well-being and health of nursing professionals

Introducción: Las respuestas de coping pueden influir en la adaptación de los profesionales al trabajo por turnos, contribuyendo al mantenimiento de la salud y la calidad de vida. Por lo tanto, el objetivo fue verificar la asociación entre coping y los efectos del trabajo por turnos en la salud de los profesionales de enfermería. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal, realizado con 124 profesionales de enfermería en un hospital universitario, de agosto a noviembre de 2014. Se utilizó el cuestionario Coping con el trabajo por turnos, instrumentos para evaluar los efectos del trabajo por turnos en la salud, y evaluación de la calidad de vida. Datos analizados estadísticamente considerando una significancia de 0.05. Resultados: Se observó asociación inversa entre los efectos del trabajo por turnos y la puntuación total del coping (p=0,003). Los dominios del coping presentaron correlaciones directas con los dominios de calidad de vida (p<0,05). De los participantes, 46 (37%) profesionales presentaban efectos del trabajo por turnos en la salud. Discusión: El uso del coping contribuye a una menor ocurrencia de los efectos negativos del trabajo por turnos sobre la salud, incluidas las funciones cognitivas, el sueño, la alimentación, los hábitos gástricos y el estrés. También puede contribuir al mantenimiento del bienestar psicológico y físico, la adaptación laboral y una mejor calidad de vida. Conclusiones: Conocimiento de la relación entre coping y los efectos del trabajo por turnos sobre la salud puede ayudar en la identificación de medios para promover mejores condiciones de trabajo, preservando el bienestar físico y psicológico y la salud de los profesionales de enfermería.

Efeitos do Trabalho em Turnos e Coping em Profissionais de Enfermagem Hospitalar / Effects of Shift Work and Coping in Hospital Nursing Professionals / Efectos del Trabajo por Turnos y Coping en los Profesionales de Enfermería Hospitalaria

Resumo Introdução Respostas de coping podem influenciar na adaptação dos profissionais ao trabalho em turnos, contribuindo para manutenção da saúde e qualidade de vida. Assim, objetivou-se verificar a associação entre coping e efeitos do trabalho em turnos sobre a saúde dos profissionais de enfermagem. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado com 124 profissionais de enfermagem em um hospital universitário, no período de agosto a novembro de 2014. Utilizou-se o questionário Coping com o Trabalho por Turnos, instrumentos para avaliação de efeitos do trabalho em turnos na saúde e avaliação da qualidade de vida. Dados analisados estatisticamente, considerando-se significância de 0,05. Resultados Observou-se associação inversa entre efeitos do trabalho em turnos e escore total do coping (p=0,003). Domínios do coping apresentaram correlações diretas com domínios de qualidade de vida (p<0,05). Das participantes, 46 (37%) profissionais apresentavam efeitos do trabalho em turnos na saúde. Discussão O uso do coping contribui com menor ocorrência dos efeitos negativos do trabalho em turnos sobre a saúde, dentre estes, funções cognitivas, sono, hábitos alimentares e gástricos, e estresse. Ainda, podendo cooperar para manutenção do bem estar psíquico e físico, adaptação laboral, e melhor qualidade de vida. Conclusões O conhecimento da relação entre coping e efeitos do trabalho em turnos na saúde pode auxiliar na identificação de meios para promover melhores condições de trabalho, preservando o bem-estar físico e psíquico, e a saúde do profissional de enfermagem.

Abstract Introduction Coping responses can influence the adaptation of health care professionals to shift work, contributing to the maintenance of health and quality of life. Thus, this study aimed to verify the association between coping and the effects of shift work on the health of nursing professionals. Materials and Methods This was Cross-sectional study, conducted with 124 nursing professionals in a university hospital between August and November 2014. The Shift Work Coping Strategies questionnaire was used as an instrument for assessing the effects of shift work on the health and quality of life of participants. Data were statistically analyzed, considering a significance level of 0,05. Results: An inverse association was observed between the effects of shift work and the total coping score (p = 0,003). Coping domains showed direct correlations with quality-of-life domains (p <0,05). Among participants, 46 (37%) professionals reported having effects of shift work on their health. Discussion The use of coping contributes to a lower occurrence of the negative effects of shift work on health, among these, cognitive functions, sleep, eating and gastric habits, and stress. Also, being able to cooperate to maintain psychic and physical well-being, work adaptation, and better quality of life. Conclusions By understanding the relationship between coping strategies and the effects of shift work on health, several means can be identified to promote better working conditions and maintain the physical and psychological well-being and health of nursing professionals

Resumen Introducción Las respuestas de coping pueden influir en la adaptación de los profesionales al trabajo por turnos, contribuyendo al mantenimiento de la salud y la calidad de vida. Por lo tanto, el objetivo fue verificar la asociación entre coping y los efectos del trabajo por turnos en la salud de los profesionales de enfermería. Materiales y métodos Estudio transversal, realizado con 124 profesionales de enfermería en un hospital universitario, de agosto a noviembre de 2014. Se utilizó el cuestionario Coping con el trabajo por turnos, instrumentos para evaluar los efectos del trabajo por turnos en la salud, y evaluación de la calidad de vida. Datos analizados estadísticamente considerando una significancia de 0.05. Resultados Se observó asociación inversa entre los efectos del trabajo por turnos y la puntuación total del coping (p=0,003). Los dominios del coping presentaron correlaciones directas con los dominios de calidad de vida (p<0,05). De los participantes, 46 (37%) profesionales presentaban efectos del trabajo por turnos en la salud. Discusión El uso del coping contribuye a una menor ocurrencia de los efectos negativos del trabajo por turnos sobre la salud, incluidas las funciones cognitivas, el sueño, la alimentación, los hábitos gástricos y el estrés. También puede contribuir al mantenimiento del bienestar psicológico y físico, la adaptación laboral y una mejor calidad de vida. Conclusiones Conocimiento de la relación entre coping y los efectos del trabajo por turnos sobre la salud puede ayudar en la identificación de medios para promover mejores condiciones de trabajo, preservando el bienestar físico y psicológico y la salud de los profesionales de enfermería.

Aspects of work and sleep associated with work ability in regular aviation pilots / Aspectos do trabalho e do sono associados à capacidade para o trabalho entre pilotos

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Analyze the association of work organization and sleep aspects with work ability in regular aviation pilots. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional epidemiological study with 1,234 regular aviation pilots who worked domestic and international flights, affiliated with the Brazilian Association of Civil Aviation Pilots. Data collection employed online questionnaire. We compared proportions using Pearson's Chi-squared or Fisher's exact hypothesis tests. Then, we conducted Poisson analysis, with robust variance, to test factors associated with moderate or low work ability. RESULTS: The prevalence of moderate or low work ability was 43.3%. We found that self-perception of insufficient sleep (PR = 1.29; 95%CI 1.06-1.57), increased perception for fatigue (PR = 1.51; 95%CI 1.24-1.84), more than 65 flight hours per month (PR = 1.22; 95%CI 1.01-1.46), less than 10 days of time off per month (PR = 1.27; 95%CI 1.04-1.55), and frequent operational delays (PR = 1.23; 95%CI 1.02-1.48) were factors associated with moderate or low work ability. CONCLUSIONS: Work organization was a determining factor for decreased work ability, especially concerning aspects related to rest and its influence on the sleep of pilots.

RESUMO OBJETIVO: Analisar a associação da organização do trabalho e dos aspectos do sono com a capacidade para o trabalho entre pilotos da aviação regular. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada uma pesquisa epidemiológica transversal, com 1.234 pilotos da aviação regular, que realizavam voos de rotas nacionais e internacionais, afiliados à Associação Brasileira de Pilotos da Aviação Civil. A coleta de dados foi feita através de questionário on-line. Para comparação entre as proporções foram realizados os testes de hipóteses qui-quadrado de Pearson ou Exato de Fisher. Posteriormente, foi efetuada a análise de Poisson, com variância robusta, para testar os fatores associados à capacidade moderada ou baixa para o trabalho. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de capacidade para o trabalho moderada ou baixa foi de 43,3%. Verificou-se que autopercepção de sono insuficiente (RP = 1,29; IC95% 1,06-1,57), maior percepção para fadiga (RP = 1,51; IC95% 1,24-1,84), jornada de voo maior que 65 horas por mês (RP = 1,22; IC95% 1,01-1,46), menos de 10 dias de folga por mês (RP = 1,27; IC95% 1,04-1,55) e atrasos operacionais frequentes (RP = 1,23; IC95% 1,02-1,48) foram fatores associados à capacidade moderada ou baixa para o trabalho. CONCLUSÕES: A organização do trabalho foi um fator determinante para a diminuição da capacidade para o trabalho, em especial quanto aos aspectos relacionados ao descanso e suas repercussões no sono de pilotos.

Joint effect of paid working hours and multiple job holding on work absence due to health problems among basic education teachers in Brazil: the Educatel Study / Efecto conjunto de las horas de trabajo remunerado y el pluriempleo sobre la ausencia al trabajo por problemas de salud en profesores de educacuión básica en Brasil: el Estudio Educatel / Efeito conjunto das horas de trabalho remunerado e de múltiplos empregos sobre o absenteísmo por motivo de saúde entre professores de ensino básico no Brasil: Estudo Educatel

Abstract: The objectives were to assess the joint effect of working hours paid per week and multiple job holding on sickness absence, by sex, among basic education teachers in Brazil. This study is based on a survey carried out over a representative sample of 5,116 active basic education teachers in Brazil between 2015 and 2016 (Educatel Study). We created a dummy variable to assess the joint effect of weekly paid working hours [standard (35-40 hours); part-time (< 35 hours); moderately long (41-50 hours); and very long (> 50 hours)] and multiple job holding (working in several schools - no/yes). Working 35-40 hours in one school was the reference category. We conducted Poisson regression models with robust variance to obtain prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of the association with self-certified sickness absence and medically certified sickness absence. Models were adjusted for age, type of contract and salary, and stratified by sex. Significant associations with sickness absence were only found among teachers working in more than one school. Associations with self-certified sickness absence were found among women with standard and men with moderately long working hours, and for both women and men working > 50 hours (PR: 1.21, 95%CI: 1.09-1.35; PR: 1.40, 95%CI: 1.18-1.66; respectively). Associations with medically certified sickness absence were found among teachers working > 50 hours, among women (PR: 1.30, 95%CI: 1.03-1.63) and men (PR: 1.41, 95%CI: 1.04-1.92). Teachers working longer hours in several schools could be suffering health problems, deriving in work absence.

Resumen: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto conjunto de las horas laborales pagadas semanalmente y pluriempleo, en relación con las ausencias por enfermedad, según el por sexo, entre profesores de educación básica en Brasil. Este estudio se llevó a acabo sobre una encuesta de una muestra representativa de 5.116 profesores activos de educación básica en Brasil, entre 2015 y 2016 (Estudio Educatel). Creamos una variable dummy para evaluar el efecto conjunto de las horas laborales pagadas semanalmente [estándar (35-40 horas); a tiempo parcial (< 35 horas); moderadamente largas (41-50 horas); y muy largas (> 50 horas)] y el pluriempleo (trabajando en varias escuelas no/sí). Estar trabajando 35-40h en una escuela fue la categoría de referencia. Se realizaron modelos de regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta para obtener la razón de prevalencia (RP) e intervalos de 95% de confianza (IC95%) de la asociación con las ausencias por enfermedad justificadas personalmente y las ausencias por enfermedad con certificado médico. Los modelos fueron ajustados por edad, tipo de contrato y salario, y estratificados por sexo. Las asociaciones significativas con ausencias por enfermedad se encontraron sólo entre profesores que trabajaban en más de una escuela. Las asociaciones con las ausencias por enfermedad justificadas personalmente se hallaron entre mujeres con horas de trabajo estándar y hombres con horas de trabajo moderadamente largas, y para ambos, mujeres y hombres trabajando > 50 horas (RP: 1,21, IC95%: 1,09-1,35; RP: 1,40, IC95%: 1,18-1,66; respectivamente). Las asociaciones con las ausencias por enfermedad con certificado médico se hallaron entre profesores trabajando > 50 horas, entre mujeres (RP: 1,30, IC95%: 1,03-1,63) y hombres (RP: 1,41, IC95%: 1,04-1,92). Los profesores que trabajan más horas en varias escuelas podrían estar sufriendo problemas de salud, ocasionando ausencias laborales.

Resumo: O estudo teve como objetivos avaliar o efeito conjunto das horas semanais de trabalho remunerado e do fato de ter vários empregos sobre o absenteísmo por motivo de doença entre professores de ensino básico, desagregado por sexo, no Brasil. Este estudo teve como base um inquérito realizado em uma amostra representativa de 5.116 professores de ensino básico em atividade no Brasil entre 2015 e 2016 (Estudo Educatel). Criamos uma variável dummy para avaliar o efeito conjunto das horas semanais de trabalho remunerado [padrão (35-40 horas); tempo parcial (< 35 horas); semana de trabalho moderadamente longa (41-50 horas) e muito longa (> 50 horas)] e múltiplos empregos (trabalho em mais de uma escola - não/sim). A categoria de referência foi o trabalho em uma única escola durante 35-40 horas semanais. Realizamos modelos de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta para obter razões de prevalência (RP) e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) para a associação com ausência no trabalho por motivo de saúde alegado pelo próprio indivíduo, e com atestado médico. Os modelos foram ajustados para idade, tipo de vínculo de trabalho e salário, e estratificados por sexo. Os resultados só mostraram associações significativas com absenteísmo por motivo de saúde em professores que trabalhavam em mais de uma escola. Foram observadas associações com ausência por motivo de saúde alegado pelo próprio indivíduo em mulheres com semana de trabalho padrão e em homens com semana moderadamente longa, e em mulheres e homens que trabalhavam mais de 50 horas por semana (RP: 1,21, IC95%: 1,09-1,35; RP: 1,40, IC95%: 1,18-1,66; respectivamente). Foram encontradas associações com ausência com atestado médico entre professores que trabalhavam mais de 50 horas por semana, em mulheres (RP: 1,30, IC95%: 1,03-1,63) e homens (RP: 1,41, IC95%: 1,04-1,92). Professores brasileiros que trabalham horas longas em várias escolas podem sofrer problemas de saúde, levando ao absenteísmo.

Sleep, activity and fatigue reported by Postgraduate Year 1 residents: a prospective cohort study comparing the effects of night float versus the traditional overnight on-call system

INTRODUCTION@#As the traditional overnight call system was shown to contribute to fatigue, Singapore implemented a shift system in 2014. We aimed to compare activity levels, sleep (using a wrist actigraph), fatigue and professional quality of life between residents working on night float and those on overnight calls.@*METHODS@#All Postgraduate Year 1 (PGY1) residents at our institution were invited to participate. Participants were required to wear a wrist actigraph for four months and complete two validated surveys (Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS] and Professional Quality of Life [ProQOL] scale) once each at the start and end of the study.@*RESULTS@#49 residents were recruited. Night float and on-call residents showed a comparable median (range) number of steps (10,061 [1,195-15,923] vs. 10,649 [308-21,910]; p = 0.429), amount of sleep logged (361 [149-630] minutes vs. 380 [175-484] minutes; p = 0.369) and time taken to fall asleep (6 [0-14] minutes vs. 6 [range 0-45] minutes; p = 0.726), respectively. Night float residents had less efficient sleep, with 90.5% having sleep efficiency of over 85% compared to 100% of on-call residents (p = 0.127). More night float residents reported ESS scores > 10 (73.1% vs. 38.5%) and higher burnout scores on ProQOL scale (41.4% vs. 21.4%) at the start of the study. However, this was similar to the end of the study and not statistically significant.@*CONCLUSION@#Physical activity and amount of sleep were not significantly different between night float and on-call residents. Residents on night float reported comparatively more fatigue and burnout.

Effects of an alternating work shift on air traffic controllers and the relationship with excessive daytime sleepiness and stress / Efeitos do turno de trabalho alternado em controladores de tráfego aéreo e relação com sonolência diurna excessiva e estresse

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate symptoms of stress and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in air traffic control (ATC) officers in Brazil. Methods: Fifty-two ATC officers participated, based at three air traffic control units, identified as A, B and C. Stress symptoms were assessed using the Lipp Inventory of Stress Symptoms for Adults, and EDS by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Results: The sample mean age was 37 years, 76.9% of whom were male. Excessive daytime sleepiness was identified in 25% of the ATC officers, with 84.6% of these based at air traffic control unit A, which has greater air traffic flow, operating a 24-hour alternating work shift schedule. A total of 16% of the ATC officers had stress symptoms, and of these, 62% showed a predominance of physical symptoms. Conclusion: The high percentage of ATC officers with EDS identified in group A may be related to chronodisruption due to night work and alternating shifts.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar sintomas de estresse e sonolência diurna excessiva (SDE) em controladores de tráfego aéreo (CTA) do Brasil. Métodos: Participaram 52 controladores pertencentes a 3 órgãos de controle de tráfego aéreo, denominados de A, B e C. Os sintomas de estresse, foram avaliados pelo Inventário de Sintomas de Estresse para Adultos, a SDE pela Escala de Sonolência Epworth. Resultados: 76,9% da amostra são do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 37 anos. SDE foi identificada em 25% dos controladores, desses 84,6%, pertencem aos órgãos de controle de tráfego aéreo A, caracterizado por maior movimento de aeronaves, funcionamento 24 horas e escala de serviço em turnos alternantes. Um total de 16% dos controladores apresentam sintomas de estresse, desses, 62% mostraram o predomínio de sintomas físicos. Conclusão: A porcentagem elevada de CTA com SDE identificada no grupo A pode estar relacionada a cronodisrupção devido ao trabalho noturno e alternado.

Safety and health of professional drivers who drive on Brazilian highways / Segurança e saúde dos motoristas profissionais que trafegam nas rodovias do Brasil

ABSTRACT Traffic accidents and resulting injuries and deaths have become a global epidemic. In Brazil, most professional drivers, especially truck drivers, face irregular working hours and can be awake for more than 18 hours/day, which reduces their performance and alertness. In this article, we discuss the laws related to Brazilian professional drivers and their current amendments (No. 12,619/2012 and No. 13,103/2015) in relation to working hours at the wheel and rest breaks, which are vital for the quality of life of drivers and society in general. We note that the new law appears to be less efficient than the previous one as it causes insecurity and concern to the users of the transportation system, drivers, and employers. To restrict and reduce accidents, deaths, and injuries in traffic, appropriate legislation is essential, aiming at the safety of workers and users of highways. The law must also benefit the commercial aspect, strengthening the reduction in production and logistics losses. Additionally, traffic education programs are needed, as well as better supervision in relation to total working hours.

RESUMO Acidentes de trânsito com consequentes lesões e mortes têm se tornado uma epidemia em nível mundial. No Brasil, a maioria dos motoristas profissionais, sobretudo motoristas de transporte de cargas, enfrenta jornada de trabalho irregular e permanece acordado por mais de 18 horas/dia, o que reduz seu desempenho e estado de alerta. Neste artigo, discutimos as leis dos motoristas profissionais brasileiros e suas alterações vigentes (nº 12.619/2012 e nº 13.103/2015) em relação às horas de trabalho ao volante e a pausas para descanso, imprescindíveis para a qualidade de vida dos motoristas e para a sociedade em geral. Observamos que a nova legislação se mostra menos eficiente que a anterior por causar insegurança e preocupação aos usuários do sistema de transporte, aos próprios motoristas e aos empregadores. Para restringir e reduzir acidentes, mortes e lesões no trânsito, é fundamental uma legislação adequada, que vise à segurança do trabalhador e dos usuários das rodovias. A legislação deve, também, beneficiar o aspecto comercial, que se fortalece pela redução das perdas de produção e logística. Adicionalmente, são necessários programas de educação no trânsito e melhor fiscalização em relação ao tempo total de jornada de trabalho.

Estresse psicossocial no trabalho e o padrão de consumo de álcool em trabalhadores offshore / Psychosocial stress at work and alcohol consumption patterns in offshore oil workers / Estrés psicosocial en el trabajo y patrón de consumo de alcohol en trabajadores offshore

Resumo: Os objetivos foram avaliar a associação entre o estresse psicossocial no trabalho e o padrão de consumo de álcool em trabalhadores offshore. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com 210 prestadores de serviço em instalações petrolíferas situadas no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, entre julho e setembro de 2014. O instrumento de coleta consistiu em um questionário multidimensional autopreenchido. A exposição ao estresse foi avaliada segundo o modelo demanda-controle e o padrão de consumo de álcool foi avaliado pelo instrumento AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test). As análises estatísticas se basearem no modelo de regressão logística multivariado. Os participantes têm, em média 32,9 anos (desvio padrão ± 8,1 anos). A maioria é casada (62,9%) e relata ter religião (84,5%); 15,2% apresentam consumo abusivo de álcool, 20,3% completaram o Ensino Superior e 56,6% têm menos de 5 anos de experiência no campo offshore. Todos os participantes estão submetidos ao esquema de turnos de trabalho de 12 horas diárias ao longo de 15 dias seguidos por 15 dias de folga, 62,4% trabalham em turnos fixos. As análises multivariadas mostraram que trabalhadores expostos ao alto estresse no trabalho (RC = 3,30; IC95%: 1,18-9,27) têm maior chance de apresentar consumo abusivo de álcool quando comparados aos trabalhadores não expostos. Os resultados apresentados contribuem para o maior entendimento de um tema ainda controverso na literatura, qual seja, a relação entre o estresse psicossocial e o consumo de álcool, e apontam para a necessidade de novas investigações.

Abstract: The objectives were to assess the association between psychosocial stress at work and alcohol consumption patterns in offshore oil workers. This was a cross-sectional study of 210 workers on offshore oil rigs in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from July to September 2014. The data collection instrument was a self-completed multidimensional questionnaire. Exposure to stress was measured by the demand-control model and alcohol consumption pattern was measured with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Statistical analyses were based on the multivariate logistic regression model. Participants' mean age was 32.9 years (SD ± 8.1 years). Most were married (62.9%) and reported having a religion (84.5%); 15.2% reported abusive levels of alcohol consumption, 20.3% had finished university, and 56.6% had fewer than 5 years of offshore experience. All the participants were subject to 12-hour daily shifts for 15 days followed by 15 days off, and 62.4% worked on fixed shifts. The multivariate analyses showed that workers exposed to workplace stress (OR = 3.30; 95%CI: 1.18-9.27) had higher odds of alcohol abuse when compared to unexposed workers. The results help elucidate what is still a controversial issue in the literature, i.e., the relationship between psychosocial stress and alcohol consumption, and point to the need for further studies.

Resumen: Los objetivos fueron evaluar la asociación entre el estrés psicosocial en el trabajo y el padrón de consumo de alcohol en trabajadores offshore. Se trata de un estudio transversal, realizado con 210 prestadores de servicio en instalaciones petrolíferas, situadas en el estado de Río de Janeiro, Brasil, entre julio y septiembre de 2014. El instrumento de recogida consistió en un cuestionario multidimensional autocompletado. La exposición al estrés se evaluó según el modelo demanda-control y el patrón de consumo de alcohol se evaluó mediante el instrumento AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test). Los análisis estadísticos se basaron en el modelo de regresión logística multivariada. Los participantes tienen de media 32,9 años (desvío patrón ± 8,1 años). La mayoría está casada (62,9%) e informa tener alguna religión (84,5%); un 15,2% presentan un consumo abusivo de alcohol, un 20,3% completaron la enseñanza superior y un 56,6% tiene menos de 5 años de experiencia en el campo offshore. Todos los participantes están sometidos al esquema de turnos de trabajo de 12 horas diarias, a lo largo de 15 días seguidos, de 15 días de vacaciones, y un 62,4% trabaja en turnos fijos. Los análisis multivariados mostraron que los trabajadores expuestos a un alto estrés en el trabajo (RC = 3,30; IC95%: 1,18-9,27) tienen una mayor oportunidad de presentar consumo abusivo de alcohol, cuando se les compara con los trabajadores no expuestos. Los resultados presentados contribuyen a un mayor entendimiento de un tema todavía controvertido en la literatura, sea cual sea: la relación entre el estrés psicosocial y el consumo de alcohol, que apunta la necesidad de nuevas investigaciones sobre el tema.

Night work and BMI: is it related to on-shift napping?

ABSTRACT On-shift napping can benefit night workers regarding sleep loss, synchronization of circadian rhythms, and alertness. However, few studies on napping can be found in the literature focused on possible health benefits. This cross-sectional study has investigated the role of on-shift napping on the association between night work and BMI in 409 night-shift nursing professionals. The number of working nights and the years of exposure to night work were significantly associated with increased BMI levels among non-nappers, but not among nappers. Results suggest a benefit of napping for weight gain, thus subsidizing occupational health policies on the regulation of on-shift napping among nursing workers.

Working hours associated with unintentional sleep at work among airline pilots / Jornadas de trabalho associadas a cochilos não intencionais entre pilotos da aviação regular

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Tto identify factors associated with unintentional sleep at work of airline pilots. METHODS This is a cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted with 1,235 Brazilian airline pilots, who work national or international flights. Data collection has been performed online. We carried out a bivariate and multiple logistic regression analysis, having as dependent variable unintentional sleep at work. The independent variables were related to biodemographic data, characteristics of the work, lifestyle, and aspects of sleep. RESULTS The prevalence of unintentional sleep while flying the airplane was 57.8%. The factors associated with unintentional sleep at work were: flying for more than 65 hours a month, frequent technical delays, greater need for recovery after work, work ability below optimal, insufficient sleep, and excessive sleepiness. CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of unintentional sleep at work of airline pilots is associated with factors related to the organization of the work and health.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Identificar fatores associados aos cochilos não intencionais durante as jornadas de trabalho de pilotos da aviação regular. MÉTODOS Estudo epidemiológico transversal conduzido com 1.235 pilotos brasileiros de avião do transporte aéreo regular, que realizavam voos nacionais ou internacionais, sendo a coleta de dados realizada on-line. Foi realizada análise de regressão logística bivariada e múltipla, tendo como variável dependente o cochilo não intencional durante o horário de trabalho. As variáveis independentes foram relacionadas a dados biodemográficos, características do trabalho, estilo de vida e aspectos do sono. RESULTADOS A prevalência do cochilo não intencional enquanto pilotava o avião foi de 57,8%. Os fatores associados ao cochilo não intencional foram: voar por mais de 65 horas por mês, atrasos técnicos frequentes, maior necessidade de recuperação após o trabalho, capacidade para o trabalho inferior à ótima, sono insuficiente e sonolência excessiva. CONCLUSÕES A ocorrência do cochilo não intencional durante a jornada de trabalho de pilotos da aviação regular está associada a fatores relacionados à organização do trabalho e à saúde.

Factors Influencing Work-life Balance in Korean Registered Nurses / 한국직업건강간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore personal as well as occupational factors and health status associated with work-life balance in Korean registered nurses. METHODS: This study was a secondary data analysis using cross-sectional nationally representative data from the Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS) in 2014. Study participants included 450 registered nurses in South Korea. Descriptive analysis, Independent t-test, χ² test, and Logistic regression analyses were performed using the SPSS 21.0 statistical program. RESULTS: Work-life balance was reported in 70.6% individuals with 85.7% being male and 70.0% being female nurses. Logistic regression analysis revealed that being male good health state, having less than 40-hour working week, lower number of night duty, policy on flexible work arrangement were significant predictors of work-life balance. CONCLUSION: This study provided evidence that identify predictors of work-life balance in registered nurses in South Korea. Therefore, we need the actively support health care service promotion and prevention for work-life balance predictors.

Shift Work and Health Problems / 가정의학회지

No abstract available.

The Association Between Shift Work and Health Behavior: Findings from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey / 가정의학회지

BACKGROUND: Shift workers are increasing worldwide, and various negative health effects of shift work have been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between shift work and health behavior. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included a total of 11,680 Korean adults (6,061 men and 5,619 women) aged ≥20 years old who participated in the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2010–2012. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between shift work and health behavior after adjusting for covariates. RESULTS: In men, shift work was associated with an increased risk of inadequate sleep (odds ratio [OR], 1.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00 to 1.40) compared to day work. In women, shift work was associated with an increased risk of smoking (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.34 to 2.22) and inadequate sleep (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.47) compared to day work. In an age-stratified subgroup analysis, female shift workers aged ≥50 years old demonstrated an increased risk of smoking (OR, 5.55; 95% CI, 3.60 to 8.55), alcohol consumption (OR, 2.22; 95% CI, 1.53 to 3.23), and inadequate sleep (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.10 to 2.05) compared to female day workers. CONCLUSION: Shift work is associated with worse health behavior, and this is most evident in women aged ≥50 years. Targeted strategies to reduce the negative health effects of shift work should be implemented, with consideration of shift workers' demographic characteristics.

Does operation order has impacts on postoperative complications in gastric cancer patients? A study of surgeon fatigue

PURPOSE: There is a growing concern that accumulated fatigue due to extended working hours may contribute to poor surgical outcomes. This study aimed to compare postoperative complications of gastric cancer patients according to operation chronology in a given day as a yardstick of a surgeon's fatigue.METHODS: The clinicopathologic data of gastric cancer patients who underwent a curative gastrectomy by one surgeon in Asan Medical Center from August 2012 to August 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to operation chronology in a given day. Perioperative data were collected by electronic medical records. Comorbidities were assessed using the Charlson comorbidity index. Postoperative complications were categorized according to the Clavien-Dindo classification.RESULTS: A total of 517 patients were divided into three groups according to chronological order of the surgery in one day. Each group exhibited similar characteristics except for operation time (P=0.001) and the America Society of Anesthesiologists score (P=0.01). Operations conducted late in the day tended to require more time and were associated with more comorbidities. However, no significant differences were detected between the chronological order of operation in a given day and postoperative complications.CONCLUSION: The chronological order of three gastrectomies performed by one surgeon in a day was not associated with postoperative complications rate.

Analysis of relationship between shift-work and occupational stress among workers from different companies / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between work in shifts and occupational stress.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 5338 employees from 13 companies were investigated by cluster sampling, and occupational stress measuring tools, job content questionnaire, and effort-reward imbalance questionnaire were used to investigate occupational stress factors, stress reaction, and the condition of work in shifts.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The employees who worked in shifts accounted for 46.6%. The condition of work in shifts varied significantly across different companies, employees with different individual features (including sex, job title, degree of education, age, working years, smoking, and drinking), and employees with different weekly working times(P<0.01 or P<0.05); health status was associated with work in shifts(P<0.01); compared with the employees who did not work in shifts, those who worked in shifts had significantly lower scores of technology utilization, work control level, psychological need, reward, social support, and job satisfaction(P<0.01 or P<0.05), as well as significantly higher scores of physical demands, effort, depressive symptoms, and negative affectivity(P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Work in shifts can affect health status, and is associated with occupational stress.</p>

Influencing Factors on the Nurse's Shiftwork Tolerance / 한국직업건강간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting shiftwork tolerance among nurses and provide basic data, ultimately, in formulating a plan for improving their shiftwork tolerance. METHODS: The participants were 317 nurses who were working at three general hospitals in Daejeon and Seoul. Data analyzed t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and regression analysis using SPSS 20.0 program. RESULTS: As for the sub-areas of shiftwork tolerance for the respondents, more than a half of nurses working at shifts suffered from insomnia, felt drowsy, complained of chronic fatigue, and were at the anxious and depressed state. Shiftwork tolerance differed by the daily intake of coffee and exercise. Shiftwork tolerance was significantly positively correlated with sleep-wake habits, hardiness, and flexibility and negatively correlated with a languidity. Regression analysis revealed that shiftwork tolerance was affected by age, sleep-wake habits, languidity, flexibility, and hardiness. CONCLUSION: To put the results, nurses had shiftwork tolerance affected by sleep-wake habits, languidity, and hardiness. It is therefore necessary to make a scheme for allowing nurses to improve hardiness and flexibility and decrease the languidity with the objective of improving their shiftwork tolerance.

Influencing Factors for Sleep Quality Among Shift-working Nurses:A Cross-Sectional Study in China Using 3-factor Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify influencing factors for sleep quality among shift-working nurses based on a three-factor scoring model that included sleep efficacy, sleep quality and daily dysfunction. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 513 nurses in a hospital in Shanghai, China, was conducted using a self-reported questionnaire. Sleep quality was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data were analyzed based on the three-factor PSQI model: Factor 1, sleep efficacy; Factor 2, sleep quality; Factor 3, daily disturbances. RESULTS: After adjusting for age, marital status, and having children, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that participants who had previous shift work experience which was at least 6 months ago, or were currently performing shift work were significantly more likely to have poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5) than those who had never done shift work (adjusted odds ratios of 3.943 and 3.975, respectively, both p < .001). Mean scores of the three individual factors increased significantly among nurses currently performing shift work compared with those who had never done shift work (Factor 1, β = 0.61, p < .001; Factor 2, β = 1.86, p < .001; Factor 3, β = 0.45, p = .002). Mean scores of Factor 2 and Factor 3 increased significantly among nurses with previous shift work experience compared with those who had never done shift work (Factor 2, β = 1.15, p = .003; Factor 3, β = 0.52, p = .005). CONCLUSIONS: Performing current shift work and performing shift work previously were significantly associated with poor sleep quality. An appropriate arrangement and intervention strategies are needed in Chinese hospitals in order to improve sleep quality among shift-working nurses.